Osteochondrosis and a condition in which there are a number of irregularities in the articular cartilage degenerative nature. Osteochondrosis can occur in different joints, but osteoarthritis most often affects the intervertebral discs. If we take into account the location of the disease, the osteochondrosis can be divided into thoracic, cervical, lumbar.
Osteochondrosis and a disease that causes pain in the back, an approximately 80% of cases. In the case of complications of degenerative disc disease of the with herniated disc pain sometimes occur in the head, limbs, other organs. The more Marta and lumbar osteochondrosis, it causes pain in the legs. Many people complain about symptoms cervical degenerative disc disease, in which the pain of the hands and the head. In the thoracic form of the disease, the pain that occurs in the internal organs.
The causes of osteochondrosis
The cause is original of osteochondrosis is considered to be humans bipedalism. There are many theories about the causes of lower back pain. Such as, for example, are a predisposition, a hereditary, injury, violation of metabolic processes in the body. The determination of the causes of this disease and complicated appears by the fact that the disease in people of different age, physical fitness and physical level of development.
There is also a theory that the cause of osteochondrosis is converted into the accumulation of salts in the spine. However, experts say that a little misleading. I and that a correct analysis of the causes of the disease, and through you the treatment of the disease.
In osteochondrosis of the nature and of the disease is not inflammatory, degenerative-dystrophic. In the process of development of the disease alters the nutrition of the tissues, regenerates its structure. The people who are constantly active exercise, are more durable and stretch fabric of the os. And This is because the discs of the spine in an adult and of themselves are not ships, therefore, oxygen, nutrients and the tissues come from the clubs, which are on the edge. Similar Un process can only be completed in the case of active movement, and it is possible that only in the process of constant, intense peak performance of the muscles.
Each intervertebral disc is composed of two parts. In the center of the disc, a nucleus pulposus the nucleus which causes the elastic disk, I surrounded it with a strong ring of fibrous. If the power supply to the intervertebral discs worsen, the structure of the biopolymer can be compounds destroyed. Due to the reduction of moisture content " on the disc becomes brittle. And if the column is under pressure, the kernel ca is divided into nucleus pulposus fragments. As a result of its elasticity, and much smaller. Fibrous rings The also loses strength. These phenomena will be the starting point for the manifestation of the man of degenerative disc disease.
In view of the manifestation of degenerative changes of the spine occurs , calcification of the damaged discs, ligaments, capsules. The un similar phenomenon – the last stage of the development process of the disease.
Unfortunately, the process work of art original reverse similar changes in the spine virtually impossible. Therefore, the main aim of treatment of osteoarthritis, a to maintain the current state.
Basically manifestations of the disease become more pronounced in the homes, original works of art to reach a thirty-five years of age. Therefore, the older the person becomes, the symptoms more that s has been observed. Recently, however, with complaints of back pain more and more young people go to the doctor.
Reasons for an early onset of degenerative disc disease and, above all, a very weak physical activity, problems with the posture, I curves of the spine, flat feet and obesity. Until the data of the main causes of osteochondrosis is considered to be the following:
- hereditary predisposition of nature;
- problems with metabolic processes, intoxication, infection;
- the presence of excess weight, Grupo mala (lack of low hydration micronutrients);
- injuries of the spine, its curvature, wrong posture, flat feet;
- the existence environmental conditions of the poor;
- inactive lifestyle;
- regular lifting of heavy loads working in awkward positions during the un period of time, the activities in which a person, often repeated circulation of movement, turns and bending of the trunk;
- too strong of physical activity, the overload of the spine due to diseases of the feet, disturbances in the process of wearing shoes, as well as stress during pregnancy;
- sudden cessation of regular exercise people who exercise, stress, persistent Smoking.
The symptoms of degenerative disc disease
People who suffer from degenerative disc disease, mainly manifested pain in the back. Sometimes, this pain is accompanied by numbness and a sensation of pain in the extremities. If the therapy of osteochondrosis is not s starts in the time, the person quickly loses weight, it produces atrophy of the limbs. During the year, and the effort, as well as in the process of lifting too heavy objects, in the process of sneezing and coughing, the pain may be more intense. In a patient with osteoarthritis, decreases the amount of movements that occur spasms of the muscles.
Cervical degenerative disc disease is manifested due to the nature of The structure of the cervical spine. The cervical vertebrae are much smaller than the other vertebrae of the spine. Consequently, cervical degenerative disc disease is manifested due to the constant load on the neck. The symptoms of cervical degenerative disk disease s expressed in the following way: the pain is manifested on the hands, neck, shoulders, could originate from producing and headaches. For this type of disease is characterized by the artery vertebral syndrome. The manifestation of this syndrome, the person who sent the presence of noise in the head, the eyes flashing "mosques", dizzy. Before the eyes can appear spots of colour, parallel to the man it sent a strong un headache pulsating nature. The symptoms of osteochondrosis sometimes it s similar to the signs of The angina pectoris, but the patient in the study noted no change in the centre.
In patients with osteochondrosis thoracic of the spine the patient is sent pain in the chest. May radiate pain in the region of the heart and other internal organs.
Patients with lumbosacral osteochondrosis of the spine feel pain in the lower back that can radiate to the legs, pelvis, in the organs pelvic. You marvel at the nerve roots, disturbed sensitivity, reflexes and can reduce hypotension occur.
Diagnosis of degenerative disc disease
The un first diagnosis of "back pain" specialist sets during the first examination of the patient. As a general rule, the examination and carried out by a doctor and neurologist. Normally, the patient comes to the office complaining of pain and deformity or limitation.
Studies of the vertebral column of the patient is done standing, lying and sitting, the doctor inspects the he I en en rest and movement. During the inspection of the un doctor be sure to pay attention to the posture of the man, especially his body, especially the spinal column, relief in muscles located near the spine.
Thanks to the feeling of the spine, the results of the patient survey can be supplemented with information about whether there is deformity of the spine, the pain is localized, and to determine the degree of its intensity. In the process of feelings is also determined by the way the muscles in proposition tense of the spine, so the muscle tone accompanies the majority of diseases and injuries. In order to determine the amplitude of the movements of the different parts of the spine, we were able to study the possibility of their bending.
In the diagnosis of osteoarthritis, an often used computed tomography, raigs x, magnetic resonance imaging. These methods allow you to find out what level of spinal lesions, to determine if there is pathology hidden, and to specify the diagnosis.
With the right approach for the diagnosis the doctor can determine what tactics of treatment to choose him to be more sure.
Treatment of degenerative disc disease
Treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease, as well as other forms of the disease and its complications is carried out using methods conservative, and which have the removal for the purpose of pain, restoration of function of spinal roots, as well as for the prevention of degenerative phenomena in the structures of the spine.
If all methods of conservative treatment does not bring the desired effect, and for this, there are indications especially, the patients who are sometimes assigned to surgical methods for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. The volume of surgical intervention depends on how the affected column and intense symptoms.
The severity of the disease also depends on the duration of the therapy. Normally the active phase of conservative treatment, a generally methods 1 to 3 months. Original work of art from the surgery, the patient has recovered approximately un any. Original works of art of the beginning of the conservative treatment in patients with many has been the osteoarthritis increase of pain. S expresses the reaction of the other entities of muscles and for treatment.
If the pain is too strong, it can stop relatively quickly physiotherapeutic methods, medications, and the implementation of a series of exercises specifically designed for patients with low back pain. And important to keep in mind that an important factor that affects the efficiency of the treatment and correct the behavior of the attitude appropriate patient on the need to adhere to the developed method of treatment. And important the perseverance, patience and will to overcome the disease. It is shown that the most effective, in the conduct of medical treatment and recovery from surgery original work of art in the field of health and in the health centres that spetsializiruyutsya in the treatment of this disease. If you have the necessary equipment and qualified doctors comprehensive treatment and effective it will be more efficient.
In the complex therapy in the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease must include therapeutic exercise, massage, physiotherapy, chiropractic, reflexology, the use of drugs.
The un of the most important methods of influence on the musculoskeletal system of the home and a therapeutic exercise. The patient regularly makes a certain amount of exercise, during which gradual decompression of the nerve roots, correction of the muscular system, increases the flexibility of the ligamentous-muscular apparatus. Exercises with special cervical osteochondrosis also allow you to prevention of the development of the disease. The condition main and the regularity of the exercises.
S When used in physiotherapy and the treatment of osteoarthritis by physical factors – magnetic fields, current of low frequency, ultrasound , etc. This technique allows to reduce the rehabilitation period from the surgery original work of art, and strengthen the influence of different drugs.
With the help of massage can relieve muscle tension, improve blood flow, in order to produce the effect of the un strengthening in General.
To relieve the acute pain used chiropractic. This technique also helps to correct the posture. Also The pain and removed by means of the traction of the spine – procedures performed in the special equipment of the. When reflexology, the impact reflex zones of the human body and significantly can improve the effects of the other methods.
During the acute phase of the disease, applies the treatment with medication, which relieves inflammation, relieves pain, aktiviziruyutsya metabolic processes. Drug s administered intravenously or intramuscularly.
The most tangible results of treatment when it was observed that various methods s used in combination. However, in the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease and other forms of the disease, s only has to designate the doctor.